Employees: 01 (2023.0)Legal category: Société à responsabilité limitée (sans autre indication)Size: PMECreation date: 2012-08-13 (13 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Formation continue d'adultesLocation: SIX-FOURS-LES-PLAGES (83140), Var
CLM FORMATIONS : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
CLM FORMATIONS is a French company
founded 13 years ago,
specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes.
Based in SIX-FOURS-LES-PLAGES (83140),
this company of category PME
shows in 2024 a revenue of 428 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
Financial history - CLM FORMATIONS (SIREN 752834440)
Indicator
2024
2023
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
Revenue
427 622 €
358 274 €
297 018 €
273 402 €
328 426 €
339 563 €
355 253 €
369 169 €
Net income
6 582 €
20 562 €
-58 151 €
-51 759 €
-16 871 €
7 753 €
9 517 €
51 955 €
EBITDA
17 696 €
24 022 €
-47 655 €
-46 455 €
-10 865 €
11 931 €
18 966 €
66 678 €
Net margin
1.5%
5.7%
-19.6%
-18.9%
-5.1%
2.3%
2.7%
14.1%
Revenue and income statement
In 2024, CLM FORMATIONS achieves revenue of 428 k€. Revenue is growing positively over 8 years (CAGR: +1.9%). Vs 2023, growth of +19% (358 k€ -> 428 k€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 428 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 18 k€, representing 4.1% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (+19%), EBITDA varies by -26%, reducing margin by 2.6 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 7 k€, i.e. 1.5% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2024)
?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
427 622 €
Gross margin (2024)
?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
427 622 €
EBITDA (2024)
?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
17 696 €
EBIT (2024)
?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
12 466 €
Net income (2024)
?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
6 582 €
EBITDA margin (2024)
?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
4.1%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 540%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 6%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 1.8 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 3.9% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment.
Debt ratio (2024)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
539.785%
Financial autonomy (2024)
?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
6.069%
Cash flow / Revenue (2024)
?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
3.873%
Repayment capacity (2024)
?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
1.787
Asset age ratio (2024)
?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2023
2024
Debt ratio
5.845
3.613
33.392
33.07
210.144
-315.416
-8519.727
539.785
Financial autonomy
43.527
55.097
50.825
42.223
16.381
-20.888
-1.095
6.069
Repayment capacity
0.089
0.321
2.967
-1.936
-1.478
-1.479
3.972
1.787
Cash flow / Revenue
15.009%
2.984%
3.378%
-4.397%
-15.867%
-17.165%
6.585%
3.873%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
539.782024
2021
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.22
Q3: 34.93
Watch+50 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the debt ratio of CLM FORMATIONS (539.78) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.
Financial autonomy
6.07%2024
2021
2023
2024
Q1: 1.03%
Med: 30.48%
Q3: 60.98%
Average
In 2024, the financial autonomy of CLM FORMATIONS (6.1%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
1.79 years2024
2021
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.51 years
Average+50 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the repayment capacity of CLM FORMATIONS (1.79) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 114.73. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 1.9x. Coverage is limited: any activity downturn would jeopardize interest payments.
Liquidity ratio (2024)
?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
114.729
Interest coverage (2024)
?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
1.859
Liquidity indicators evolution CLM FORMATIONS
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2023
2024
Liquidity ratio
249.418
191.622
240.148
175.29
156.953
110.621
148.629
114.729
Interest coverage
0.318
0.279
1.618
-2.678
-0.463
-1.209
1.832
1.859
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
114.732024
2021
2023
2024
Q1: 126.79
Med: 230.24
Q3: 439.51
Average
In 2024, the liquidity ratio of CLM FORMATIONS (114.73) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Interest coverage
1.86x2024
2021
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.65x
Excellent+50 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the interest coverage of CLM FORMATIONS (1.9x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 42 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 12 days. The company must finance 30 days of gap between collections and payments. Overall, WCR represents 19 days of revenue, i.e. 22 k€ to permanently finance. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-56%), freeing up cash.
Operating WCR (2024)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
22 181 €
Customer credit (2024)
?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
42 j
Supplier credit (2024)
?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
12 j
Inventory turnover (2024)
?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2024)
?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
19 j
WCR and payment terms evolution CLM FORMATIONS
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2023
2024
Operating WCR
50 668 €
92 220 €
117 166 €
94 856 €
68 487 €
27 652 €
26 867 €
22 181 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
114
113
134
138
155
70
52
42
Supplier payment term (days)
13
30
36
36
28
21
6
12
Positioning of CLM FORMATIONS in its sector
Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes
Valuation estimate
Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of CLM FORMATIONS is estimated at
68 904 €
(range 23 692€ - 160 457€).
With an EBITDA of 17 696€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2024
134 transactions
23k€68k€160k€
68 904 €Range: 23 692€ - 160 457€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
17 696 €×2.2x
Estimation38 368 €
13 903€ - 99 790€
Revenue Multiple30%
427 622 €×0.36x
Estimation152 849 €
50 996€ - 298 848€
Net Income Multiple20%
6 582 €×2.9x
Estimation19 331 €
7 212€ - 104 543€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)
Compare CLM FORMATIONS with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, CLM FORMATIONS generated a net profit of 7 k€ in 2024.
Where is the headquarters of CLM FORMATIONS ?
The headquarters of CLM FORMATIONS is located in SIX-FOURS-LES-PLAGES (83140), in the department Var.
Where to find the tax return of CLM FORMATIONS ?
The tax return of CLM FORMATIONS is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does CLM FORMATIONS operate?
CLM FORMATIONS operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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