Employees: 02 (2023.0)Legal category: Société à responsabilité limitée (sans autre indication)Size: PMECreation date: 2015-09-28 (10 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Activités des sociétés holdingLocation: ROUEN (76000), Seine-Maritime
CLES : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
CLES is a French company
founded 10 years ago,
specialized in the sector Activités des sociétés holding.
Based in ROUEN (76000),
this company of category PME
shows in 2023 a revenue of 718 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2023, CLES achieves revenue of 718 k€. Over the period 2016-2023, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +8.7%. Vs 2022: +3%. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 718 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches -114 k€, representing -15.9% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (+3%), EBITDA varies by -1937%, reducing margin by 15.1 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. Negative EBITDA means operations do not cover current expenses: concerning situation. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 403 k€, i.e. 56.2% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2023)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
717 586 €
Gross margin (2023)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
717 586 €
EBITDA (2023)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
-114 237 €
EBIT (2023)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
-100 576 €
Net income (2023)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
402 998 €
EBITDA margin (2023)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
-15.9%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 2%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 94%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.2 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 53.5% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2023)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
2.227%
Financial autonomy (2023)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
94.27%
Cash flow / Revenue (2023)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
53.493%
Repayment capacity (2023)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
0.17
Asset age ratio (2023)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2022
2023
Debt ratio
7.155
17.495
15.324
5.538
6.47
2.227
Financial autonomy
89.905
82.031
83.6
92.595
88.641
94.27
Repayment capacity
17.174
193.841
-48.313
0.504
4.628
0.17
Cash flow / Revenue
1.238%
0.36%
-1.378%
51.117%
5.094%
53.493%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
2.232023
2019
2022
2023
Q1: 0.03
Med: 10.87
Q3: 70.22
Good
In 2023, the debt ratio of CLES (2.23) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. This controlled position reflects prudent management.
Financial autonomy
94.27%2023
2019
2022
2023
Q1: 17.2%
Med: 61.39%
Q3: 90.77%
Excellent
In 2023, the financial autonomy of CLES (94.3%) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. High autonomy reflects financial independence and ability to absorb shocks.
Repayment capacity
0.17 years2023
2019
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.09 years
Q3: 3.23 years
Average
In 2023, the repayment capacity of CLES (0.17) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 944.64. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.
Liquidity ratio (2023)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
944.641
Interest coverage (2023)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
-3.087
Liquidity indicators evolution CLES
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2022
2023
Liquidity ratio
151.0
300.738
234.194
395.409
463.218
944.641
Interest coverage
8.523
23.188
24.828
4.437
-30.533
-3.087
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
944.642023
2019
2022
2023
Q1: 126.86
Med: 619.0
Q3: 3548.33
Good+6 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the liquidity ratio of CLES (944.64) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Interest coverage
-3.09x2023
2019
2022
2023
Q1: -65.31x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.0x
Average-26 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the interest coverage of CLES (-3.1x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 58 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 70 days. Favorable situation: supplier credit is longer than customer credit by 12 days. Overall, WCR represents 51 days of revenue, i.e. 101 k€ to permanently finance. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-24%), freeing up cash.
Operating WCR (2023)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
100 907 €
Customer credit (2023)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
58 j
Supplier credit (2023)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
70 j
Inventory turnover (2023)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2023)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
51 j
WCR and payment terms evolution CLES
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2022
2023
Operating WCR
133 024 €
207 055 €
114 640 €
161 668 €
51 550 €
100 907 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
80
107
90
97
81
58
Supplier payment term (days)
72
189
65
31
33
70
Positioning of CLES in its sector
Comparison with sector Activités des sociétés holding
Valuation estimate
Based on 63 transactions of similar company sales
in 2023,
the value of CLES is estimated at
1 607 175 €
(range 349 826€ - 2 538 765€).
The price/revenue ratio is 0.24x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate. Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.
Estimated enterprise value2023
63 tx
349k€1607k€2538k€
1 607 175 €Range: 349 826€ - 2 538 765€
NAF 5 année 2023
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
Revenue Multiple30%
717 586 €×0.24x
Estimation172 564 €
126 204€ - 512 495€
Net Income Multiple20%
402 998 €×9.3x
Estimation3 759 094 €
685 259€ - 5 578 170€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 63 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Activités des sociétés holding)
Compare CLES with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, CLES generated a net profit of 403 k€ in 2023.
Where is the headquarters of CLES ?
The headquarters of CLES is located in ROUEN (76000), in the department Seine-Maritime.
Where to find the tax return of CLES ?
The tax return of CLES is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does CLES operate?
CLES operates in the sector Activités des sociétés holding (NAF code 64.20Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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