CARTHAGE : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

CARTHAGE is a French company founded 23 years ago, specialized in the sector Edition de logiciels applicatifs. Based in PARIS (75009), this company of category PME shows in 2024 a revenue of 1.8 M€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-02

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - CARTHAGE (SIREN 447675455)
Indicator 2024 2023 2022 2021
Revenue 1 770 849 € 1 707 628 € 1 723 538 € 1 671 133 €
Net income 117 278 € 257 619 € 164 863 € 138 144 €
EBITDA 151 695 € 339 301 € 384 394 € -79 728 €
Net margin 6.6% 15.1% 9.6% 8.3%

Revenue and income statement

In 2024, CARTHAGE achieves revenue of 1.8 M€. Revenue is growing positively over 4 years (CAGR: +2.0%). Vs 2023: +4%. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 1.8 M€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 152 k€, representing 8.6% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (+4%), EBITDA varies by -55%, reducing margin by 11.3 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. This level of operating margin is satisfactory for the sector. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 117 k€, i.e. 6.6% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2024) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

1 770 849 €

Gross margin (2024) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

1 770 849 €

EBITDA (2024) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

151 695 €

EBIT (2024) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

167 359 €

Net income (2024) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

117 278 €

EBITDA margin (2024) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

8.6%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 203%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 5%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 3.5 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This ratio remains within usual banking standards. Cash flow represents 6.1% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.

Debt ratio (2024) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

203.194%

Financial autonomy (2024) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

5.442%

Cash flow / Revenue (2024) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

6.145%

Repayment capacity (2024) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

3.46

Solvency indicators evolution
CARTHAGE

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
203.19 2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0
Med: 5.29
Q3: 44.39
Watch

In 2024, the debt ratio of CARTHAGE (203.19) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.

Financial autonomy
5.44% 2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 11.65%
Med: 39.77%
Q3: 62.21%
Average

In 2024, the financial autonomy of CARTHAGE (5.4%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
3.46 years 2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.8 years
Average

In 2024, the repayment capacity of CARTHAGE (3.46) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 120.78. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 10.6x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.

Liquidity ratio (2024) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

120.781

Interest coverage (2024) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

10.585

Liquidity indicators evolution
CARTHAGE

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
120.78 2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 146.39
Med: 243.79
Q3: 459.15
Watch -14 pts over 3 years

In 2024, the liquidity ratio of CARTHAGE (120.78) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. A ratio below 1 may signal potential cash flow tensions.

Interest coverage
10.59x 2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 2.19x
Excellent

In 2024, the interest coverage of CARTHAGE (10.6x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 53 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 716 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 663 days of the operating cycle (retail model). Overall, WCR represents 642 days of revenue, i.e. 3.2 M€ to permanently finance. Over 2021-2024, WCR increased by +84%, requiring additional financing.

Operating WCR (2024) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

3 155 972 €

Customer credit (2024) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

53 j

Supplier credit (2024) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

716 j

Inventory turnover (2024) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2024) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

642 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
CARTHAGE

Positioning of CARTHAGE in its sector

Comparison with sector Edition de logiciels applicatifs

Valuation estimate

Based on 103 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of CARTHAGE is estimated at 234 319 € (range 93 178€ - 623 357€). With an EBITDA of 151 695€, the sector multiple of 1.0x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.25x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2024
103 transactions
93k€ 234k€ 623k€
234 319 € Range: 93 178€ - 623 357€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation detail by method

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EBITDA Multiple 50%
151 695 € × 1.0x
Estimation 147 234 €
48 284€ - 475 781€
Revenue Multiple 30%
1 770 849 € × 0.25x
Estimation 440 644 €
194 657€ - 969 781€
Net Income Multiple 20%
117 278 € × 1.2x
Estimation 142 548 €
53 197€ - 472 662€
How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 103 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Edition de logiciels applicatifs)

Compare CARTHAGE with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about CARTHAGE

What is the revenue of CARTHAGE ?

The revenue of CARTHAGE in 2024 is 1.8 M€.

Is CARTHAGE profitable?

Yes, CARTHAGE generated a net profit of 117 k€ in 2024.

Where is the headquarters of CARTHAGE ?

The headquarters of CARTHAGE is located in PARIS (75009), in the department Paris.

Where to find the tax return of CARTHAGE ?

The tax return of CARTHAGE is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does CARTHAGE operate?

CARTHAGE operates in the sector Edition de logiciels applicatifs (NAF code 58.29C). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.