CARDINALE SUD FORMATION : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

CARDINALE SUD FORMATION is a French company founded 11 years ago, specialized in the sector Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestion. Based in NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE (92200), this company of category PME shows in 2018 a revenue of 827 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-04-25

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - CARDINALE SUD FORMATION (SIREN 810181552)
Indicator 2018 2017 2016
Revenue 826 817 € 671 566 € 1 044 144 €
Net income 12 443 € 1 233 € 50 045 €
EBITDA 15 510 € 2 037 € 62 245 €
Net margin 1.5% 0.2% 4.8%

Revenue and income statement

In 2018, CARDINALE SUD FORMATION achieves revenue of 827 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2016-2018 (CAGR: -11.0%). Vs 2017, growth of +23% (672 k€ -> 827 k€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 827 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 16 k€, representing 1.9% of revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 12 k€, i.e. 1.5% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2018) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

826 817 €

Gross margin (2018) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

826 817 €

EBITDA (2018) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

15 510 €

EBIT (2018) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

14 926 €

Net income (2018) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

12 443 €

EBITDA margin (2018) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

1.9%

Loading income statement...

Chart evolution

Show :

Assets

Loading data...

Liabilities

Loading data...

Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 1%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 34%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.1 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 1.6% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment.

Debt ratio (2018) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

1.446%

Financial autonomy (2018) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

33.567%

Cash flow / Revenue (2018) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

1.575%

Repayment capacity (2018) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.082

Asset age ratio (2018) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

30.6%

Solvency indicators evolution
CARDINALE SUD FORMATION

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
1.45 2018
2016
2017
2018
Q1: 0.0
Med: 4.47
Q3: 43.83
Good -17 pts over 3 years

In 2018, the debt ratio of CARDINALE SUD FORMATION (1.45) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. This controlled position reflects prudent management.

Financial autonomy
33.57% 2018
2016
2017
2018
Q1: 5.79%
Med: 39.4%
Q3: 72.72%
Average +6 pts over 3 years

In 2018, the financial autonomy of CARDINALE SUD FORMATION (33.6%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
0.08 years 2018
2016
2017
2018
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.66 years
Average

In 2018, the repayment capacity of CARDINALE SUD FORMATION (0.08) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 150.83. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 1.9x. Coverage is limited: any activity downturn would jeopardize interest payments.

Liquidity ratio (2018) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

150.829

Interest coverage (2018) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

1.85

Liquidity indicators evolution
CARDINALE SUD FORMATION

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
150.83 2018
2016
2017
2018
Q1: 134.77
Med: 263.73
Q3: 636.73
Average

In 2018, the liquidity ratio of CARDINALE SUD FORMATION (150.83) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Interest coverage
1.85x 2018
2016
2017
2018
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.32x
Excellent

In 2018, the interest coverage of CARDINALE SUD FORMATION (1.9x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 56 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 38 days. The company must finance 18 days of gap between collections and payments. Overall, WCR represents 53 days of revenue, i.e. 122 k€ to permanently finance.

Operating WCR (2018) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

121 699 €

Customer credit (2018) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

56 j

Supplier credit (2018) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

38 j

Inventory turnover (2018) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2018) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

53 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
CARDINALE SUD FORMATION

Positioning of CARDINALE SUD FORMATION in its sector

Comparison with sector Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestion

Valuation estimate

Based on 69 transactions of similar company sales in 2018, the value of CARDINALE SUD FORMATION is estimated at 116 825 € (range 64 903€ - 219 922€). With an EBITDA of 15 510€, the sector multiple of 3.1x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.33x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.

Estimated enterprise value 2018
69 tx
64k€ 116k€ 219k€
116 825 € Range: 64 903€ - 219 922€
NAF 5 année 2018

Valuation detail by method

Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse

EBITDA Multiple 50%
15 510 € × 3.1x
Estimation 48 769 €
21 870€ - 109 714€
Revenue Multiple 30%
826 817 € × 0.33x
Estimation 276 076 €
166 502€ - 466 450€
Net Income Multiple 20%
12 443 € × 3.9x
Estimation 48 088 €
20 089€ - 125 653€

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 69 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestion)

Compare CARDINALE SUD FORMATION with other companies in the same sector:

Voir toutes les statistiques du secteur Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestion

Frequently asked questions about CARDINALE SUD FORMATION

What is the revenue of CARDINALE SUD FORMATION ?

The revenue of CARDINALE SUD FORMATION in 2018 is 827 k€.

Is CARDINALE SUD FORMATION profitable?

Yes, CARDINALE SUD FORMATION generated a net profit of 12 k€ in 2018.

Where is the headquarters of CARDINALE SUD FORMATION ?

The headquarters of CARDINALE SUD FORMATION is located in NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE (92200), in the department Hauts-de-Seine.

Where to find the tax return of CARDINALE SUD FORMATION ?

The tax return of CARDINALE SUD FORMATION is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does CARDINALE SUD FORMATION operate?

CARDINALE SUD FORMATION operates in the sector Conseil pour les affaires et autres conseils de gestion (NAF code 70.22Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.