BOOKS : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

BOOKS is a French company founded 18 years ago, specialized in the sector Édition de revues et périodiques. Based in PARIS (75011), this company of category PME shows in 2019 a revenue of 777 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-09

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - BOOKS (SIREN 499196574)
Indicator 2019 2018 2017 2016
Revenue 776 592 € 676 185 € 639 397 € 745 726 €
Net income -266 830 € -232 609 € -445 852 € -242 068 €
EBITDA -216 358 € -193 671 € -367 786 € -198 677 €
Net margin -34.4% -34.4% -69.7% -32.5%

Revenue and income statement

In 2019, BOOKS achieves revenue of 777 k€. Revenue is growing positively over 4 years (CAGR: +1.4%). Vs 2018, growth of +15% (676 k€ -> 777 k€). After deducting consumption (-33 k€), gross margin stands at 810 k€, i.e. a rate of 104%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches -216 k€, representing -27.9% of revenue. Negative EBITDA means operations do not cover current expenses: concerning situation. Net income is negative at -267 k€ (-34.4% of revenue), which will impact equity.

Revenue (2019) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

776 592 €

Gross margin (2019) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

809 695 €

EBITDA (2019) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

-216 358 €

EBIT (2019) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

-269 932 €

Net income (2019) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

-266 830 €

EBITDA margin (2019) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

-25.2%

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at -24%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches -80%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers).

Debt ratio (2019) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

-24.373%

Financial autonomy (2019) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

-80.318%

Cash flow / Revenue (2019) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

-26.448%

Repayment capacity (2019) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

-0.204

Solvency indicators evolution
BOOKS

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
-24.37 2019
2017
2018
2019
Q1: 0.0
Med: 0.4
Q3: 21.45
Excellent

In 2019, the debt ratio of BOOKS (-24.37) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A low ratio indicates a solid financial structure with little dependence on creditors.

Financial autonomy
-80.32% 2019
2017
2018
2019
Q1: 1.58%
Med: 27.72%
Q3: 58.33%
Watch

In 2019, the financial autonomy of BOOKS (-80.3%) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. Low autonomy may limit investment capacity and increase vulnerability.

Repayment capacity
-0.2 years 2019
2017
2018
2019
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.33 years
Excellent

In 2019, the repayment capacity of BOOKS (-0.20) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A short capacity reflects controlled debt and good cash generation.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 97.78. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.

Liquidity ratio (2019) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

97.783

Interest coverage (2019) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

-0.131

Liquidity indicators evolution
BOOKS

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
97.78 2019
2017
2018
2019
Q1: 111.71
Med: 182.94
Q3: 333.46
Average -16 pts over 3 years

In 2019, the liquidity ratio of BOOKS (97.78) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Interest coverage
-0.13x 2019
2017
2018
2019
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.7x
Average

In 2019, the interest coverage of BOOKS (-0.1x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 40 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 60 days. Favorable situation: supplier credit is longer than customer credit by 20 days. Inventory turnover is 65 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). WCR is negative (-10 days): operations structurally generate cash. Notable WCR improvement over the period (-162%), freeing up cash.

Operating WCR (2019) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

-22 195 €

Customer credit (2019) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

40 j

Supplier credit (2019) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

60 j

Inventory turnover (2019) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

65 j

WCR in days of revenue (2019) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

-10 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
BOOKS

Positioning of BOOKS in its sector

Comparison with sector Édition de revues et périodiques

Valuation estimate

Based on 67 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of BOOKS is estimated at 127 711 € (range 87 050€ - 353 334€). The price/revenue ratio is 0.16x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.

Estimated enterprise value 2019
67 tx
87k€ 127k€ 353k€
127 711 € Range: 87 050€ - 353 334€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation method used

Revenue Multiple
776 592 € × 0.16x = 127 712 €
Range: 87 050€ - 353 334€

Only this financial indicator is available for this company.

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 67 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Édition de revues et périodiques)

Compare BOOKS with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about BOOKS

What is the revenue of BOOKS ?

The revenue of BOOKS in 2019 is 777 k€.

Is BOOKS profitable?

BOOKS recorded a net loss in 2019.

Where is the headquarters of BOOKS ?

The headquarters of BOOKS is located in PARIS (75011), in the department Paris.

Where to find the tax return of BOOKS ?

The tax return of BOOKS is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does BOOKS operate?

BOOKS operates in the sector Édition de revues et périodiques (NAF code 58.14Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.