Employees: 01 (2023.0)Legal category: SCA (commandite par actions)Size: PMECreation date: 2018-01-08 (8 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Programmation informatiqueLocation: PARIS (75001), Paris
APPS4U : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
APPS4U is a French company
founded 8 years ago,
specialized in the sector Programmation informatique.
Based in PARIS (75001),
this company of category PME
shows in 2023 a revenue of 71 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2023, APPS4U achieves revenue of 71 k€. Over the period 2020-2023, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +32.2%. Significant drop of -13% vs 2022. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 71 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 3 k€, representing 4.4% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (-13%), EBITDA varies by -88%, reducing margin by 28.7 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 62 k€, i.e. 88.0% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2023)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
70 765 €
Gross margin (2023)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
70 765 €
EBITDA (2023)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
3 094 €
EBIT (2023)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
-18 665 €
Net income (2023)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
62 285 €
EBITDA margin (2023)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
4.4%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at -468%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 96%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.9 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 120.9% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.
Debt ratio (2023)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
-467.789%
Financial autonomy (2023)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
96.231%
Cash flow / Revenue (2023)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
120.876%
Repayment capacity (2023)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
0.872
Solvency indicators evolution APPS4U
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2020
2021
2022
2023
Debt ratio
-37.569
-26.575
-159.963
-467.789
Financial autonomy
514.376
496.994
190.058
96.231
Repayment capacity
-1.334
-1.709
0.206
0.872
Cash flow / Revenue
-524.208%
-143.24%
752.489%
120.876%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
-467.792023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0
Med: 4.03
Q3: 49.58
Excellent
In 2023, the debt ratio of APPS4U (-467.79) ranks in the bottom 25% of the sector, which is positive. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A low ratio indicates a solid financial structure with little dependence on creditors.
Financial autonomy
96.23%2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 3.98%
Med: 32.33%
Q3: 62.63%
Excellent
In 2023, the financial autonomy of APPS4U (96.2%) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. High autonomy reflects financial independence and ability to absorb shocks.
Repayment capacity
0.87 years2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.46 years
Average+50 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the repayment capacity of APPS4U (0.87) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 119.82. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 32.1x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.
Liquidity ratio (2023)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
119.824
Interest coverage (2023)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
32.094
Liquidity indicators evolution APPS4U
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2020
2021
2022
2023
Liquidity ratio
10.167
6.427
96.155
119.824
Interest coverage
-1.407
-6.541
28.118
32.094
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
119.822023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 129.22
Med: 247.92
Q3: 487.46
Average
In 2023, the liquidity ratio of APPS4U (119.82) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Interest coverage
32.09x2023
2021
2022
2023
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.45x
Excellent+50 pts over 3 years
In 2023, the interest coverage of APPS4U (32.1x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 41 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 97 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 56 days of the operating cycle (retail model). WCR is negative (-46 days): operations structurally generate cash. Over 2020-2023, WCR increased by +98%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2023)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
-9 140 €
Customer credit (2023)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
41 j
Supplier credit (2023)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
97 j
Inventory turnover (2023)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2023)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
-46 j
WCR and payment terms evolution APPS4U
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2020
2021
2022
2023
Operating WCR
-376 278 €
-498 435 €
-8 949 €
-9 140 €
Inventory turnover (days)
13
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
173
120
39
41
Supplier payment term (days)
54
33
89
97
Positioning of APPS4U in its sector
Comparison with sector Programmation informatique
Valuation estimate
Based on 120 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of APPS4U is estimated at
36 019 €
(range 16 387€ - 97 616€).
With an EBITDA of 3 094€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.27x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2023
120 transactions
16k€36k€97k€
36 019 €Range: 16 387€ - 97 616€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
3 094 €×2.2x
Estimation6 880 €
2 985€ - 18 927€
Revenue Multiple30%
70 765 €×0.27x
Estimation19 220 €
10 865€ - 47 007€
Net Income Multiple20%
62 285 €×2.2x
Estimation134 066 €
58 177€ - 370 259€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 120 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Programmation informatique)
Compare APPS4U with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, APPS4U generated a net profit of 62 k€ in 2023.
Where is the headquarters of APPS4U ?
The headquarters of APPS4U is located in PARIS (75001), in the department Paris.
Where to find the tax return of APPS4U ?
The tax return of APPS4U is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does APPS4U operate?
APPS4U operates in the sector Programmation informatique (NAF code 62.01Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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