Employees: NN (2023.0)Legal category: Société à responsabilité limitée (sans autre indication)Size: PMECreation date: 2015-09-01 (10 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Activités spécialisées, scientifiques et techniques diversesLocation: PARIS (75014), Paris
AIR EXAM : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
AIR EXAM is a French company
founded 10 years ago,
specialized in the sector Activités spécialisées, scientifiques et techniques diverses.
Based in PARIS (75014),
this company of category PME
shows in 2022 a revenue of 83 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2022, AIR EXAM achieves revenue of 83 k€. Over the period 2016-2022, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +7.6%. Vs 2021: +6%. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 83 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 5 k€, representing 5.8% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (+6%), EBITDA varies by -82%, reducing margin by 29.1 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 5 k€, i.e. 5.6% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2022)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
82 681 €
Gross margin (2022)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
82 681 €
EBITDA (2022)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
4 805 €
EBIT (2022)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
4 607 €
Net income (2022)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
4 610 €
EBITDA margin (2022)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
5.8%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 11%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 57%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 1.3 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 5.8% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.
Debt ratio (2022)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
11.37%
Financial autonomy (2022)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
56.748%
Cash flow / Revenue (2022)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
5.845%
Repayment capacity (2022)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
1.27
Asset age ratio (2022)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Debt ratio
17.914
37.711
2.514
14.081
24.181
12.338
11.37
Financial autonomy
40.924
39.336
44.811
43.683
34.41
46.669
56.748
Repayment capacity
0.281
1.657
0.138
0.595
-0.789
0.252
1.27
Cash flow / Revenue
25.277%
7.726%
5.979%
11.28%
-14.826%
31.069%
5.845%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
11.372022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 0.0
Med: 6.3
Q3: 58.55
Average-6 pts over 3 years
In 2022, the debt ratio of AIR EXAM (11.37) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Financial autonomy
56.75%2022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 4.97%
Med: 34.11%
Q3: 65.07%
Good+17 pts over 3 years
In 2022, the financial autonomy of AIR EXAM (56.8%) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Repayment capacity
1.27 years2022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.95 years
Average+50 pts over 3 years
In 2022, the repayment capacity of AIR EXAM (1.27) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 270.48. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months.
Liquidity ratio (2022)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
270.48
Interest coverage (2022)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
0.0
Liquidity indicators evolution AIR EXAM
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Liquidity ratio
171.02
208.513
184.015
199.241
174.535
208.888
270.48
Interest coverage
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
270.482022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 139.16
Med: 254.07
Q3: 507.77
Good+20 pts over 3 years
In 2022, the liquidity ratio of AIR EXAM (270.48) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Interest coverage
0.0x2022
2020
2021
2022
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.77x
Average
In 2022, the interest coverage of AIR EXAM (0.0x) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 15 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 173 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 158 days of the operating cycle (retail model). Overall, WCR represents 141 days of revenue, i.e. 32 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2022, WCR increased by +420%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2022)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
32 408 €
Customer credit (2022)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
15 j
Supplier credit (2022)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
173 j
Inventory turnover (2022)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2022)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
141 j
WCR and payment terms evolution AIR EXAM
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
Operating WCR
6 230 €
9 667 €
15 547 €
15 006 €
25 896 €
19 086 €
32 408 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
79
50
61
80
169
9
15
Supplier payment term (days)
121
146
153
142
162
142
173
Positioning of AIR EXAM in its sector
Comparison with sector Activités spécialisées, scientifiques et techniques diverses
Valuation estimate
Based on 98 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of AIR EXAM is estimated at
21 813 €
(range 5 935€ - 36 427€).
With an EBITDA of 4 805€, the sector multiple of 3.5x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate. Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.
Estimated enterprise value2022
98 tx
5k€21k€36k€
21 813 €Range: 5 935€ - 36 427€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
4 805 €×3.5x
Estimation16 646 €
4 148€ - 27 289€
Revenue Multiple30%
82 681 €×0.36x
Estimation30 053 €
9 869€ - 50 852€
Net Income Multiple20%
4 610 €×4.9x
Estimation22 375 €
4 505€ - 37 638€
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 98 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Activités spécialisées, scientifiques et techniques diverses)
Compare AIR EXAM with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, AIR EXAM generated a net profit of 5 k€ in 2022.
Where is the headquarters of AIR EXAM ?
The headquarters of AIR EXAM is located in PARIS (75014), in the department Paris.
Where to find the tax return of AIR EXAM ?
The tax return of AIR EXAM is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does AIR EXAM operate?
AIR EXAM operates in the sector Activités spécialisées, scientifiques et techniques diverses (NAF code 74.90B). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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