Employees: 31 (2023.0)Legal category: SCA (commandite par actions)Size: PMECreation date: 1999-03-15 (27 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Formation continue d'adultesLocation: PARIS (75011), Paris
AFEC : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
AFEC is a French company
founded 27 years ago,
specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes.
Based in PARIS (75011),
this company of category PME
shows in 2024 a revenue of 20.2 M€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2024, AFEC achieves revenue of 20.2 M€. Revenue is growing positively over 8 years (CAGR: +1.5%). Significant drop of -10% vs 2023. After deducting consumption (230 k€), gross margin stands at 20.0 M€, i.e. a rate of 99%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 666 k€, representing 3.3% of revenue. The operating margin remains fragile, requiring cost vigilance. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 354 k€, i.e. 1.8% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2024)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
20 207 794 €
Gross margin (2024)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
19 977 504 €
EBITDA (2024)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
665 660 €
EBIT (2024)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
683 564 €
Net income (2024)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
353 679 €
EBITDA margin (2024)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
3.3%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
Show :
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
Change
Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 1%. This very low level reflects a solid financial structure, offering significant room for future investments or acquisitions. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 52%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.6 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 0.7% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment.
Debt ratio (2024)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
1.209%
Financial autonomy (2024)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
51.678%
Cash flow / Revenue (2024)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
0.65%
Repayment capacity (2024)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
0.623
Asset age ratio (2024)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2021
2022
2023
2024
Debt ratio
6.778
7.234
6.901
12.317
24.831
15.648
7.939
1.209
Financial autonomy
60.985
60.403
53.174
55.818
45.459
49.28
45.167
51.678
Repayment capacity
0.561
0.403
1.274
0.184
-35.053
-16.433
0.462
0.623
Cash flow / Revenue
4.242%
3.058%
2.177%
10.271%
-0.23%
-0.326%
3.931%
0.65%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
1.212024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0
Med: 3.22
Q3: 34.93
Good-20 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the debt ratio of AFEC (1.21) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. This controlled position reflects prudent management.
Financial autonomy
51.68%2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 1.03%
Med: 30.48%
Q3: 60.98%
Good
In 2024, the financial autonomy of AFEC (51.7%) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.
Repayment capacity
0.62 years2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.51 years
Average+51 pts over 3 years
In 2024, the repayment capacity of AFEC (0.62) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 199.88. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 3.4x. Financial charges are adequately covered by operations.
Liquidity ratio (2024)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
199.884
Interest coverage (2024)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
3.372
Liquidity indicators evolution AFEC
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2021
2022
2023
2024
Liquidity ratio
229.896
215.481
181.695
187.395
187.461
190.332
172.131
199.884
Interest coverage
0.182
0.099
0.037
0.0
1.255
2.556
103.866
3.372
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
199.882024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 126.79
Med: 230.24
Q3: 439.51
Average
In 2024, the liquidity ratio of AFEC (199.88) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Interest coverage
3.37x2024
2022
2023
2024
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.65x
Excellent
In 2024, the interest coverage of AFEC (3.4x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 74 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 89 days. Favorable situation: supplier credit is longer than customer credit by 15 days. Inventory turnover is 30 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). Fast turnover, sign of good inventory management. Overall, WCR represents 84 days of revenue, i.e. 4.7 M€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2024, WCR increased by +22%, requiring additional financing.
Operating WCR (2024)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
4 738 324 €
Customer credit (2024)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
74 j
Supplier credit (2024)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
89 j
Inventory turnover (2024)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
30 j
WCR in days of revenue (2024)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
84 j
WCR and payment terms evolution AFEC
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2016
2017
2018
2019
2021
2022
2023
2024
Operating WCR
3 896 777 €
2 472 592 €
2 737 773 €
5 451 723 €
6 103 837 €
6 666 377 €
5 496 442 €
4 738 324 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
21
51
47
43
49
26
30
Customer payment term (days)
67
56
69
59
77
66
81
74
Supplier payment term (days)
73
58
80
75
124
106
114
89
Positioning of AFEC in its sector
Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes
Valuation estimate
Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of AFEC is estimated at
3 096 294 €
(range 1 061 966€ - 7 237 091€).
With an EBITDA of 665 660€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.
Estimated enterprise value2024
134 transactions
1061k€3096k€7237k€
3 096 294 €Range: 1 061 966€ - 7 237 091€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
665 660 €×2.2x
Estimation1 443 263 €
522 991€ - 3 753 723€
Revenue Multiple30%
20 207 794 €×0.36x
Estimation7 223 051 €
2 409 882€ - 14 122 420€
Net Income Multiple20%
353 679 €×2.9x
Estimation1 038 740 €
387 532€ - 5 617 519€
Valuation evolution
Visualisation creee via abddaf.fr Sources : BODACC & INPI
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)
Compare AFEC with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, AFEC generated a net profit of 354 k€ in 2024.
Where is the headquarters of AFEC ?
The headquarters of AFEC is located in PARIS (75011), in the department Paris.
Where to find the tax return of AFEC ?
The tax return of AFEC is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does AFEC operate?
AFEC operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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