AA FORMATION : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

AA FORMATION is a French company founded 8 years ago, specialized in the sector Formation continue d'adultes. Based in LILLE (59800), this company of category PME shows in 2020 a revenue of 177 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-02

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - AA FORMATION (SIREN 835319278)
Indicator 2020 2019 2018
Revenue 176 903 € 283 705 € 213 887 €
Net income 21 394 € -11 003 € 45 387 €
EBITDA 32 145 € -8 208 € 57 428 €
Net margin 12.1% -3.9% 21.2%

Revenue and income statement

In 2020, AA FORMATION achieves revenue of 177 k€. Revenue is declining over the period 2018-2020 (CAGR: -9.1%). Significant drop of -38% vs 2019. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 177 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 32 k€, representing 18.2% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +21.1 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 21 k€, i.e. 12.1% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2020) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

176 903 €

Gross margin (2020) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

176 903 €

EBITDA (2020) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

32 145 €

EBIT (2020) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

32 029 €

Net income (2020) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

21 394 €

EBITDA margin (2020) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

17.6%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 116%. Debt level is high: negotiating margin with banks is reduced. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 26%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 1.7 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 16.9% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.

Debt ratio (2020) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

115.774%

Financial autonomy (2020) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

26.482%

Cash flow / Revenue (2020) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

16.902%

Repayment capacity (2020) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

1.714

Asset age ratio (2020) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

67.1%

Solvency indicators evolution
AA FORMATION

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
115.77 2020
2018
2019
2020
Q1: 0.0
Med: 6.49
Q3: 71.72
Average +50 pts over 3 years

In 2020, the debt ratio of AA FORMATION (115.77) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Financial autonomy
26.48% 2020
2018
2019
2020
Q1: 2.68%
Med: 29.09%
Q3: 57.81%
Average -14 pts over 3 years

In 2020, the financial autonomy of AA FORMATION (26.5%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
1.71 years 2020
2018
2019
2020
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.57 years
Average +50 pts over 3 years

In 2020, the repayment capacity of AA FORMATION (1.71) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 232.77. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 0.7x. Danger: operating income does not cover interest charges, unsustainable situation.

Liquidity ratio (2020) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

232.766

Interest coverage (2020) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

0.728

Liquidity indicators evolution
AA FORMATION

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
232.77 2020
2018
2019
2020
Q1: 131.48
Med: 226.89
Q3: 416.68
Good +8 pts over 3 years

In 2020, the liquidity ratio of AA FORMATION (232.77) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Interest coverage
0.73x 2020
2018
2019
2020
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.19x
Excellent

In 2020, the interest coverage of AA FORMATION (0.7x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 141 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 45 days. The gap of 96 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 228 days of revenue, i.e. 112 k€ to permanently finance. Over 2018-2020, WCR increased by +78%, requiring additional financing.

Operating WCR (2020) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

111 849 €

Customer credit (2020) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

141 j

Supplier credit (2020) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

45 j

Inventory turnover (2020) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2020) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

228 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
AA FORMATION

Positioning of AA FORMATION in its sector

Comparison with sector Formation continue d'adultes

Valuation estimate

Based on 134 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of AA FORMATION is estimated at 66 384 € (range 23 645€ - 195 684€). With an EBITDA of 32 145€, the sector multiple of 2.2x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.36x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2020
134 transactions
23k€ 66k€ 195k€
66 384 € Range: 23 645€ - 195 684€
NAF 5 all-time

Valuation detail by method

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EBITDA Multiple 50%
32 145 € × 2.2x
Estimation 69 696 €
25 255€ - 181 269€
Revenue Multiple 30%
176 903 € × 0.36x
Estimation 63 232 €
21 097€ - 123 630€
Net Income Multiple 20%
21 394 € × 2.9x
Estimation 62 833 €
23 442€ - 339 803€

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 134 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Formation continue d'adultes)

Compare AA FORMATION with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about AA FORMATION

What is the revenue of AA FORMATION ?

The revenue of AA FORMATION in 2020 is 177 k€.

Is AA FORMATION profitable?

Yes, AA FORMATION generated a net profit of 21 k€ in 2020.

Where is the headquarters of AA FORMATION ?

The headquarters of AA FORMATION is located in LILLE (59800), in the department Nord.

Where to find the tax return of AA FORMATION ?

The tax return of AA FORMATION is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does AA FORMATION operate?

AA FORMATION operates in the sector Formation continue d'adultes (NAF code 85.59A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.