23 : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

23 is a French company founded 15 years ago, specialized in the sector Restauration traditionnelle. Based in BOURG-SAINT-MAURICE (73700), this company of category PME shows in 2025 a revenue of 3.9 M€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-02

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - 23 (SIREN 528029705)
Indicator 2025 2024 2023 2018 2017 2016
Revenue 3 924 868 € 3 336 827 € 3 001 546 € N/C N/C 1 417 548 €
Net income 472 740 € 650 312 € 495 294 € 142 038 € 103 699 € 99 260 €
EBITDA 747 866 € 916 915 € 690 459 € N/C N/C 140 571 €
Net margin 12.0% 19.5% 16.5% N/C N/C 7.0%

Revenue and income statement

In 2025, 23 achieves revenue of 3.9 M€. Over the period 2016-2025, the company shows strong growth with a CAGR (compound annual growth rate) of +12.0%. Vs 2024, growth of +18% (3.3 M€ -> 3.9 M€). After deducting consumption (920 k€), gross margin stands at 3.0 M€, i.e. a rate of 77%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 748 k€, representing 19.1% of revenue. Warning negative scissor effect: despite revenue change (+18%), EBITDA varies by -18%, reducing margin by 8.4 pts. This reflects costs rising faster than revenue. This high EBITDA margin provides strong self-financing capacity and resilience to uncertainties. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 473 k€, i.e. 12.0% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2025) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

3 924 868 €

Gross margin (2025) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

3 005 204 €

EBITDA (2025) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

747 866 €

EBIT (2025) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

660 425 €

Net income (2025) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

472 740 €

EBITDA margin (2025) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

19.1%

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Chart evolution

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Assets

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Liabilities

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Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 43%. Debt remains under control: the company retains capacity to raise new debt if needed. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 50%. This high autonomy means the company finances most of its assets through equity, a sign of strength. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 1.2 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 14.2% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. This high level provides strong self-financing capacity.

Debt ratio (2025) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

43.462%

Financial autonomy (2025) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

49.612%

Cash flow / Revenue (2025) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

14.242%

Repayment capacity (2025) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

1.167

Asset age ratio (2025) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

41.0%

Solvency indicators evolution
23

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
43.46 2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 3.47
Med: 26.36
Q3: 95.24
Average -19 pts over 3 years

In 2025, the debt ratio of 23 (43.46) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Financial autonomy
49.61% 2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 11.54%
Med: 38.81%
Q3: 63.35%
Good +11 pts over 3 years

In 2025, the financial autonomy of 23 (49.6%) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Repayment capacity
1.17 years 2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.55 years
Q3: 2.33 years
Average -11 pts over 3 years

In 2025, the repayment capacity of 23 (1.17) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 185.25. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 2.3x. Financial charges are adequately covered by operations.

Liquidity ratio (2025) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

185.252

Interest coverage (2025) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

2.312

Liquidity indicators evolution
23

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
185.25 2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 77.62
Med: 152.17
Q3: 276.98
Good -18 pts over 3 years

In 2025, the liquidity ratio of 23 (185.25) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Interest coverage
2.31x 2025
2023
2024
2025
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.76x
Q3: 4.88x
Good

In 2025, the interest coverage of 23 (2.3x) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. This comfortable position offers an appreciable safety margin.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 4 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 96 days. Excellent situation: suppliers finance 92 days of the operating cycle (retail model). Inventory turnover is 1 days (= Average inventory / Cost of goods x 360). Fast turnover, sign of good inventory management. Overall, WCR represents 117 days of revenue, i.e. 1.3 M€ to permanently finance. Over 2016-2025, WCR increased by +5925%, requiring additional financing.

Operating WCR (2025) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

1 273 502 €

Customer credit (2025) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

4 j

Supplier credit (2025) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

96 j

Inventory turnover (2025) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

1 j

WCR in days of revenue (2025) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

117 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
23

Positioning of 23 in its sector

Comparison with sector Restauration traditionnelle

Valuation estimate

Based on 557 transactions of similar company sales in 2025, the value of 23 is estimated at 3 149 081 € (range 1 763 424€ - 5 985 876€). With an EBITDA of 747 866€, the sector multiple of 5.3x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.55x (in line with sector norms). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2025
557 transactions
1763k€ 3149k€ 5985k€
3 149 081 € Range: 1 763 424€ - 5 985 876€
NAF 5 année 2025

Valuation detail by method

Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse

EBITDA Multiple 50%
747 866 € × 5.3x
Estimation 3 927 235 €
2 111 190€ - 7 598 933€
Revenue Multiple 30%
3 924 868 € × 0.55x
Estimation 2 171 235 €
1 352 380€ - 3 255 921€
Net Income Multiple 20%
472 740 € × 5.6x
Estimation 2 670 470 €
1 510 578€ - 6 048 169€

Valuation evolution

How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 557 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Restauration traditionnelle)

Compare 23 with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about 23

What is the revenue of 23 ?

The revenue of 23 in 2025 is 3.9 M€.

Is 23 profitable?

Yes, 23 generated a net profit of 473 k€ in 2025.

Where is the headquarters of 23 ?

The headquarters of 23 is located in BOURG-SAINT-MAURICE (73700), in the department Savoie.

Where to find the tax return of 23 ?

The tax return of 23 is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does 23 operate?

23 operates in the sector Restauration traditionnelle (NAF code 56.10A). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.