Employees: NN (None)Legal category: Société à responsabilité limitée (sans autre indication)Size: PMECreation date: 2002-02-15 (24 years)Status: ActiveBusiness sector: Édition de revues et périodiquesLocation: PARIS (75009), Paris
18 EDITIONS : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios
18 EDITIONS is a French company
founded 24 years ago,
specialized in the sector Édition de revues et périodiques.
Based in PARIS (75009),
this company of category PME
shows in 2016 a revenue of 934 k€.
Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.
In 2016, 18 EDITIONS achieves revenue of 934 k€. Slight decline of -0% vs 2015. After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 934 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 89 k€, representing 9.5% of revenue. This level of operating margin is satisfactory for the sector. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 39 k€, i.e. 4.2% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.
Revenue (2016)
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Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production
933 610 €
Gross margin (2016)
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Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed
933 610 €
EBITDA (2016)
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Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity
88 574 €
EBIT (2016)
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EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals
64 157 €
Net income (2016)
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Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax
39 434 €
EBITDA margin (2016)
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EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability 5-10% : Average < 5% : Low
9.5%
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Income statement
Item
Amount
% Revenue
Change
The detailed income statement is not available for this company (simplified accounts or confidential data).
Chart evolution
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Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Assets
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Item
Gross
Deprec.
Net
%
Change
Assets balance sheet data not available for this company
Liabilities
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Year
%
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Liabilities balance sheet data not available for this company
Solvency and debt ratios
The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 229%. Critical situation: debt significantly exceeds equity, severely limiting borrowing capacity and exposing the company to default risk. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 11%. Low autonomy: the company heavily depends on external financing (banks, suppliers). Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 3.4 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This ratio remains within usual banking standards. Cash flow represents 6.2% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.
Debt ratio (2016)
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Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low 50-100% : Moderate > 100% : High
229.197%
Financial autonomy (2016)
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Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy 20-30% : Average < 20% : Low
11.438%
Cash flow / Revenue (2016)
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Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates
6.237%
Repayment capacity (2016)
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Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent 3-5 years : Fair > 5 years : Warning
3.413
Asset age ratio (2016)
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Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2015
2016
Debt ratio
633.904
229.197
Financial autonomy
7.132
11.438
Repayment capacity
5.014
3.413
Cash flow / Revenue
6.38%
6.237%
Sector positioning
Debt ratio
229.22016
2015
2016
Q1: 0.0
Med: 0.29
Q3: 22.89
Watch
In 2016, the debt ratio of 18 EDITIONS (229.20) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.
Financial autonomy
11.44%2016
2015
2016
Q1: 2.03%
Med: 29.1%
Q3: 56.89%
Average
In 2016, the financial autonomy of 18 EDITIONS (11.4%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Repayment capacity
3.41 years2016
2015
2016
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.3 years
Watch
In 2016, the repayment capacity of 18 EDITIONS (3.41) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A long duration may signal heavy debt relative to repayment capacity.
Liquidity ratios
The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 124.06. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 9.7x. Operating income very largely covers interest expenses: high safety margin.
Liquidity ratio (2016)
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Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good 1-1.5 : Fair < 1 : Liquidity risk
124.056
Interest coverage (2016)
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Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable 1.5-3 : Acceptable < 1.5 : Risk
9.676
Liquidity indicators evolution 18 EDITIONS
Visualisation créée via abddaf.fr Sources : INPI & BCE - Retraitements : Ministère de l'économie
Indicator
2015
2016
Liquidity ratio
148.179
124.056
Interest coverage
8.968
9.676
Sector positioning
Liquidity ratio
124.062016
2015
2016
Q1: 110.84
Med: 179.29
Q3: 320.22
Average-21 pts over 2 years
In 2016, the liquidity ratio of 18 EDITIONS (124.06) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.
Interest coverage
9.68x2016
2015
2016
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.93x
Excellent
In 2016, the interest coverage of 18 EDITIONS (9.7x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.
Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms
Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 205 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 123 days. The gap of 82 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 149 days of revenue, i.e. 385 k€ to permanently finance.
Operating WCR (2016)
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Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released Positive = financing needed
385 488 €
Customer credit (2016)
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Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good 45-60j : Average > 60j : Long
205 j
Supplier credit (2016)
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Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow
123 j
Inventory turnover (2016)
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Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover
0 j
WCR in days of revenue (2016)
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WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management
149 j
WCR and payment terms evolution 18 EDITIONS
Visualization created via numbers.finance Sources : INPI & BCE - Adjustments : Ministry of Economy
Indicator
2015
2016
Operating WCR
413 970 €
385 488 €
Inventory turnover (days)
0
0
Customer payment term (days)
155
205
Supplier payment term (days)
109
123
Positioning of 18 EDITIONS in its sector
Comparison with sector Édition de revues et périodiques
Valuation estimate
Based on 67 transactions of similar company sales
(all years),
the value of 18 EDITIONS is estimated at
135 827 €
(range 66 594€ - 471 266€).
With an EBITDA of 88 574€, the sector multiple of 1.1x is applied.
The price/revenue ratio is 0.16x
(conservative valuation).
This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate. Medium reliability: estimate to be confirmed with in-depth analysis.
Estimated enterprise value2016
67 tx
66k€135k€471k€
135 827 €Range: 66 594€ - 471 266€
NAF 5 all-time
Valuation detail by method
Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse
EBITDA Multiple50%
88 574 €×1.1x
Estimation93 490 €
53 158€ - 538 885€
Revenue Multiple30%
933 610 €×0.16x
Estimation153 534 €
104 651€ - 424 774€
Net Income Multiple20%
39 434 €×5.5x
Estimation215 115 €
43 099€ - 371 960€
How is this estimate calculated?
This estimate is based on the analysis of 67 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.
EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.
This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).
Similar companies (Édition de revues et périodiques)
Compare 18 EDITIONS with other companies in the same sector:
Yes, 18 EDITIONS generated a net profit of 39 k€ in 2016.
Where is the headquarters of 18 EDITIONS ?
The headquarters of 18 EDITIONS is located in PARIS (75009), in the department Paris.
Where to find the tax return of 18 EDITIONS ?
The tax return of 18 EDITIONS is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).
In which sector does 18 EDITIONS operate?
18 EDITIONS operates in the sector Édition de revues et périodiques (NAF code 58.14Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.
Item evolution
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