1.2.3. EDITIONS : revenue, balance sheet and financial ratios

1.2.3. EDITIONS is a French company founded 13 years ago, specialized in the sector Édition de livres. Based in MEGEVE (74120), this company of category PME shows in 2017 a revenue of 190 k€. Find below the complete financial statements, solvency ratios, working capital requirements and sector comparison.

Data updated on 2026-05-02

Sources : INPI & INSEE SIRENE - Processing : Ministry of Economy

Financial history - 1.2.3. EDITIONS (SIREN 788706109)
Indicator 2017 2016
Revenue 190 043 € 158 884 €
Net income 14 864 € -439 €
EBITDA 25 635 € -1 878 €
Net margin 7.8% -0.3%

Revenue and income statement

In 2017, 1.2.3. EDITIONS achieves revenue of 190 k€. Vs 2016, growth of +20% (159 k€ -> 190 k€). After deducting consumption (0 €), gross margin stands at 190 k€, i.e. a rate of 100%. This ratio measures the ability to generate value from commercial activity. EBITDA (= Gross margin - Personnel expenses - Taxes) reaches 26 k€, representing 13.5% of revenue. Positive scissor effect: EBITDA margin improves by +14.7 pts, sign of improved operational efficiency. This level of operating margin is satisfactory for the sector. Ultimately, net income (= EBIT +/- financial result +/- exceptional - corporate tax) amounts to 15 k€, i.e. 7.8% of revenue. This profit can be retained or distributed to shareholders.

Revenue (2017) ?
Revenue
Definition
Total amount of sales of goods and services made by the company.
Formula
Sales of goods + Sold production

190 043 €

Gross margin (2017) ?
Gross margin
Definition
Difference between revenue and cost of goods sold.
Formula
Revenue - Cost of goods consumed

190 043 €

EBITDA (2017) ?
Gross Operating Surplus (EBITDA)
Definition
Resources generated by current operations, before depreciation and financial expenses.
Formula
Value added - Personnel expenses - Taxes
Interpretation
Positive = profitable activity

25 635 €

EBIT (2017) ?
EBIT (Operating Income)
Definition
Operating income, including depreciation and provisions.
Formula
EBITDA - Depreciation and provisions + Reversals

20 117 €

Net income (2017) ?
Net income
Definition
Profit or loss after all expenses, including taxes and exceptional items.
Formula
Current income + Exceptional income - Income tax

14 864 €

EBITDA margin (2017) ?
EBITDA margin
Definition
Measures the company's operating profitability.
Formula
(EBE / CA) x 100
Interpretation
> 10% : Good profitability
5-10% : Average
< 5% : Low

13.5%

Loading income statement...

Chart evolution

Show :

Assets

Loading data...

Liabilities

Loading data...

Solvency and debt ratios

The debt ratio (= Financial debt / Equity x 100) stands at 74%. Debt level is high: negotiating margin with banks is reduced. Financial autonomy (= Equity / Total assets x 100) reaches 25%. The balance between equity and debt is satisfactory. Debt repayment capacity (= Financial debt / Cash flow) indicates it would take 0.6 years of cash flow to repay all financial debt. This short period demonstrates excellent debt sustainability. Cash flow represents 7.4% of revenue. Cash flow measures resources generated by operations, available for investment and debt repayment. Satisfactory level allowing partial financing of growth.

Debt ratio (2017) ?
Debt ratio
Definition
Measures the proportion of debt to equity.
Formula
(Financial debt / Equity) x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Low
50-100% : Moderate
> 100% : High

73.875%

Financial autonomy (2017) ?
Financial autonomy
Definition
Share of equity in the company's total financing.
Formula
(Equity / Total assets) x 100
Interpretation
> 30% : Good autonomy
20-30% : Average
< 20% : Low

24.593%

Cash flow / Revenue (2017) ?
Cash flow / Revenue
Definition
Self-financing capacity relative to revenue.
Formula
(CAF / CA) x 100
Interpretation
The higher the ratio, the more cash the company generates

7.353%

Repayment capacity (2017) ?
Repayment capacity
Definition
Number of years needed to repay debts with cash flow.
Formula
Financial debt / Cash flow
Interpretation
< 3 years : Excellent
3-5 years : Fair
> 5 years : Warning

0.552

Asset age ratio (2017) ?
Asset age ratio
Definition
Measures the degree of wear of tangible assets.
Formula
Accumulated depreciation / Gross fixed assets x 100
Interpretation
< 50% : Recent assets
50-70% : Normal wear
> 70% : Aging assets

15.5%

Solvency indicators evolution
1.2.3. EDITIONS

Sector positioning

Debt ratio
73.88 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.0
Med: 2.28
Q3: 41.11
Watch +50 pts over 2 years

In 2017, the debt ratio of 1.2.3. EDITIONS (73.88) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio measures the weight of debt relative to equity. A high ratio may indicate excessive dependence on external financing.

Financial autonomy
24.59% 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.69%
Med: 29.22%
Q3: 59.43%
Average +21 pts over 2 years

In 2017, the financial autonomy of 1.2.3. EDITIONS (24.6%) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio represents the share of equity in total financing. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Repayment capacity
0.55 years 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.0 years
Med: 0.0 years
Q3: 0.5 years
Average

In 2017, the repayment capacity of 1.2.3. EDITIONS (0.55) ranks above the median of the sector. This ratio indicates the number of years needed to repay debt with cash flow. A reduction effort could improve financial strength.

Liquidity ratios

The liquidity ratio (= Current assets / Current liabilities) stands at 163.56. Concretely, the company has €2 of liquid assets for every €1 of short-term debt: no cash risk within 12 months. The interest coverage ratio (= EBIT / Interest expenses) is 4.5x. Financial charges are adequately covered by operations.

Liquidity ratio (2017) ?
Liquidity ratio
Definition
Ability to meet short-term debts with current assets.
Formula
Current assets / Current liabilities
Interpretation
> 1.5 : Very good
1-1.5 : Fair
< 1 : Liquidity risk

163.556

Interest coverage (2017) ?
Interest coverage
Definition
Ability to cover interest charges with operating income.
Formula
EBIT / Interest expenses
Interpretation
> 3 : Comfortable
1.5-3 : Acceptable
< 1.5 : Risk

4.541

Liquidity indicators evolution
1.2.3. EDITIONS

Sector positioning

Liquidity ratio
163.56 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 123.04
Med: 208.85
Q3: 400.42
Average +11 pts over 2 years

In 2017, the liquidity ratio of 1.2.3. EDITIONS (163.56) ranks below the median of the sector. This ratio measures the ability to cover short-term debt with current assets. An improvement would strengthen the competitive position.

Interest coverage
4.54x 2017
2016
2017
Q1: 0.0x
Med: 0.0x
Q3: 0.71x
Excellent +50 pts over 2 years

In 2017, the interest coverage of 1.2.3. EDITIONS (4.5x) ranks in the top 25% of the sector. This ratio indicates how many times operating income covers interest expenses. High coverage means financial charges weigh little on profitability.

Working capital requirement (WCR) and payment terms

Working capital requirement (WCR) measures the cash timing gap between customer collections and supplier/inventory payments. Average customer payment term: 55 days (formula: Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT x 360). Supplier term: 22 days. The gap of 33 days means the company finances its customers for over a month before being paid relative to supplier payments. This weighs on cash flow. Overall, WCR represents 43 days of revenue, i.e. 23 k€ to permanently finance.

Operating WCR (2017) ?
Operating WCR
Definition
Financing requirement generated by the operating cycle (inventory + receivables - trade payables).
Formula
Inventory + Customer receivables - Trade payables
Interpretation
Negative = cash released
Positive = financing needed

22 592 €

Customer credit (2017) ?
Customer credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term granted to customers.
Formula
(Customer receivables / Revenue incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
< 45j : Good
45-60j : Average
> 60j : Long

55 j

Supplier credit (2017) ?
Supplier credit (days)
Definition
Average payment term obtained from suppliers.
Formula
(Trade payables / Purchases incl. VAT) x 360
Interpretation
The longer the term, the better for cash flow

22 j

Inventory turnover (2017) ?
Inventory turnover (days)
Definition
Average storage duration for goods or materials.
Formula
(Inventory / Cost of goods) x 360
Interpretation
The lower the ratio, the faster the turnover

0 j

WCR in days of revenue (2017) ?
WCR in days of revenue
Definition
Expresses working capital requirement in days of revenue.
Formula
(Operating WCR / Revenue) x 360
Interpretation
The fewer days, the better the working capital management

43 j

WCR and payment terms evolution
1.2.3. EDITIONS

Positioning of 1.2.3. EDITIONS in its sector

Comparison with sector Édition de livres

Valuation estimate

Based on 104 transactions of similar company sales (all years), the value of 1.2.3. EDITIONS is estimated at 41 773 € (range 17 628€ - 111 393€). With an EBITDA of 25 635€, the sector multiple of 1.1x is applied. The price/revenue ratio is 0.24x (conservative valuation). This multiples method compares the actual sale price of similar companies to their financial indicators (Revenue, EBITDA, Net Income). It provides a market-based indicative estimate.

Estimated enterprise value 2017
104 transactions
17k€ 41k€ 111k€
41 773 € Range: 17 628€ - 111 393€
NAF 4 all-time Aggregated at NAF sub-class level

Valuation detail by method

Ajustez les pondérations selon votre analyse

EBITDA Multiple 50%
25 635 € × 1.1x
Estimation 29 428 €
15 166€ - 120 783€
Revenue Multiple 30%
190 043 € × 0.24x
Estimation 46 398 €
22 903€ - 87 167€
Net Income Multiple 20%
14 864 € × 4.4x
Estimation 65 701 €
15 876€ - 124 262€
How is this estimate calculated?

This estimate is based on the analysis of 104 actual transactions of similar company sales (same NAF code) registered with BODACC between 2016 and 2025.

  • EBITDA Multiple: Preferred method for profitable SMEs. EBITDA reflects the ability to generate cash.
  • Revenue Multiple: Used for growing companies or those with low profitability. Reflects commercial potential.
  • Net Income Multiple: Relevant for mature companies with stable results.

This estimate is provided for information purposes only. A precise valuation requires in-depth analysis (assets, liabilities, prospects, market...).

Similar companies (Édition de livres)

Compare 1.2.3. EDITIONS with other companies in the same sector:

Frequently asked questions about 1.2.3. EDITIONS

What is the revenue of 1.2.3. EDITIONS ?

The revenue of 1.2.3. EDITIONS in 2017 is 190 k€.

Is 1.2.3. EDITIONS profitable?

Yes, 1.2.3. EDITIONS generated a net profit of 15 k€ in 2017.

Where is the headquarters of 1.2.3. EDITIONS ?

The headquarters of 1.2.3. EDITIONS is located in MEGEVE (74120), in the department Haute-Savoie.

Where to find the tax return of 1.2.3. EDITIONS ?

The tax return of 1.2.3. EDITIONS is available on this page. Click on a year in the 'Data by year' section to view the account details (assets, liabilities, income statement). Data comes from INPI (National Institute of Industrial Property).

In which sector does 1.2.3. EDITIONS operate?

1.2.3. EDITIONS operates in the sector Édition de livres (NAF code 58.11Z). See the 'Sector positioning' section above to compare the company with its competitors.